Depression among Wives of Pakistani Expatriate Husbands- A Cross Sectional Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52206/jsmc.2025.15.1.1024Abstract
Background: International migration for employment is prevalent in developing countries like Pakistan, driven by economic constraints. This trend, while economically beneficial, has substantial psychosocial impacts on spouses who face challenges due to extended absences of their partners.
Objective: This study aimed to determine the frequency and severity of depression among wives of Pakistani expatriate husbands.
Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional design was employed to assess loneliness and depression levels among 116 wives of Pakistani expatriate husbands at Saidu Group of Teaching Hospital from January 5, 2024, to May 30, 2024. Non-probability consecutive sampling was used, and data were collected through structured interviews using the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and a demographic data sheet. Statistical analysis included mean calculation, chi-square tests for categorical data, and non-parametric tests due to skewed distributions.
Results: Demographic characteristics revealed a mean age of 31.53 ± 7.88 years, with 52.17% residing in urban areas. Husbands' visits per year were less than 1 visit (19.13%), once (52.17%), and twice (28.70%). Depression prevalence significantly varied by residence (p = 0.004) and husbands' visits per year (p < 0.001). Urban residents showed lower depression rates compared to rural residents, with severe depression more prevalent among rural residents (88%). Wives with fewer husband visits experienced lower depression (73% no depression) compared to those with more frequent visits (up to 88% severe depression).
Conclusion: There is substantial impact of expatriate husbands' absence on the mental health of their wives, exacerbated by rural residence and infrequent husband visits.
Keywords: Depression, Expatriate wives, Mental health, Pakistani.
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