P16 Expression in Grading of Urothelial Carcinoma
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.4.812Abstract
Background: P16 is an important biomarker studied in patients of cancer. Association of p16 expression with the nature of urothelial carcinoma may prove useful in the future for targeted therapies.
Objective: To evaluate the frequency p16 expression in patients diagnosed with urothelial cell carcinoma and correlation with clinic pathological parameters.
Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using nonprobability convenience sampling technique at histopathology department from December 2022 to May 2023 by recruiting 98 biopsy specimens from patients diagnosed with urothelial cell carcinoma. Immunohistochemical analysis for p16 expression and their clinicopathological correlations were the parameters recorded.
Results: Mean age of the participants was 63.37 ± 7.34 years with72(73.5%) males and 26(26.5%) females. Immunohistochemistry studies revealed low expression of p16 in 81(82.7%) tissue specimens while 17(17.3%) revealed high expression of p16. Tumor grading in patients showed 61(62.2%) specimens with low grade morphology while 37(37.8%)specimens were of high-grade tumors. Clinicopathological correlations with p16 frequency of expression revealed that high expression of p16 was associated more with higher grades of tumor (p-0.013) as compared to low grades of tumor. Similarly, tumors with invasion of lamina propria or muscular propria had significantly high expression of p16 in comparison of non-invasive tumors with a p-value of <0.05.
Conclusion: High expression of p16 in urothelial carcinoma is more frequently associated with higher grade of tumor, invasion of lamina propria or muscular propria which may lead to poor prognosis. This may prove beneficial for molecular studies and targeted therapies in the future.
Keywords: Biomarkers, Tumor, Urinary bladder neoplasm
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