Dental Anomalies in Children with Unilateral and Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52206/jsmc.2024.14.4.905Abstract
Background: Dental anomalies is common feature of cleft lip and palate cases. Clefting is not an isolated condition but rather part of a broader spectrum of malformations involving both facial structures and tooth development
Objective: To determine and compare the frequency of dental anomalies among children with unilateral and bilateral cleft palate
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at the outpatient department of Bacha Khan Dental College, Mardan, involving 82 participants aged 4 to 20 years. Patient history, clinical examination, and panoramic radiographs were employed to identify common dental anomalies, like lateral incisor agenesis, supernumerary teeth, peg-shaped lateral incisor, lateral incisor microdontia, agenesis of the maxillary second premolar, and enamel hypoplasia. The Chi-square test was used to compare dental anomalies between unilateral and bilateral cleft palate cases, with the significance level set at p < 0.05.
Results: The age was 12.12 ± 5.21 years, with a gender distribution of 28 (34.15%) females and 54 (65.85%) males. Unilateral cleft palate (n=56, 68.29%) was more common than bilateral (n=26, 31.71%). The frequency of dental anomalies included 37.80% exhibiting lateral incisor agenesis, 21.95% supernumerary teeth, 17.07% peg-shaped lateral incisor, 17.07% lateral incisor microdontia, 20.73% agenesis of the second premolar, and 9.76% clinical enamel hypoplasia. No statistical significant difference was found for all dental anomalies between unilateral and bilateral cleft palate (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Dental anomalies are quite prevalent in both unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) and bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) patients. Importantly, no statistically significant differences were observed between these two groups.
Keywords: Bilateral, Cleft lip and palate, Dental anomalies, Unilateral.
References
Sandy J, Davies A, Humphries K, Ireland T, Wren Y. Cleft lip and palate: Care configuration, national registration, and research strategies. J World Fed Orthod. 2020;9(3):S40-S4. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejwf.2020.09.003
Kurosaka H, Itoh S, Morita C, Tsujimoto T, Murata Y, Inubushi T, Yamashiro T. Development of dentition: From initiation to occlusion and related diseases. J Oral Biosci. 2022 Jun 1;64(2):159-64. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.job.2022.02.005
Sella Tunis T, Sarne O, Hershkovitz I, Finkelstein T, Pavlidi AM, Shapira Y, et al. Dental anomalies' characteristics. Diagnos. 2021;11(7):1161. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11071161
Das Neves LT, de Carvalho IM, Cobourne MT, Gomide MR. Dental anomalies in non-syndromic orofacial clefts: A clinical approach. Oral Dis. 2022 Jul;28(5):1351-68. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/odi.14226
Pakkhesal M, Naghavialhosseini A, Faali T, Khoshnevisan MH, Karimian A. Oral healthrelated quality of life changes during phase 1 Class II malocclusion treatment using Frankel 2 and Twin-block appliances: A short-term follow-up study. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop. 2023 Feb 1;163(2):191-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2021
Uchino M, Arima H, Kobayashi H, Nagata J, Yasumura T, Ishii T, et al. Survey on condition and orthodontic treatment of maxillary lateral incisors in patients with cleft lip and palate. Bull Tokyo Dent Coll. 2020;61(2):95-102. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2209/tdcpublication.2019-0013
Tortora C, Meazzini MC, Garattini G, Brusati R. Prevalence of abnormalities in dental structure,position, and eruption pattern in a population of unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and palate patients. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2008;45:154-162. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1597/06-218.1
Haque S, Alam MK. Common dental anomalies in cleft lip and palate patients. Malaysian J Medical Sci. 2015;22(2):55. PMID: PMC4438093
Pradhan L, Shakya P, Thapa S, Nakarmi KK, Maharjan A, Sagtani RA, et al. Prevalence of dental anomalies in the patient with cleft lip and palate visiting a tertiary care hospital. J Nepal Med Assoc. 2020;58(228):591. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.31729/jnma.5149
Cakan DG, Yilmaz RBN, Bulut FN, Aksoy A. Dental anomalies in different types of cleft lip and palate: is there any relation? J Craniofac Surg. 2018;29(5):1316-21. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10. 1097/SCS.0000000000004359.
Marzouk T, Alves I, Wong C, DeLucia L, McKinney C, Pendleton C, et al. Association between dental anomalies and orofacial clefts: A meta-analysis. JDR Clin Translat Res. 2021;6(4):368-81. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/2380084420964795
Slayton RL, Williams L, Murray JC, Wheeler JJ, Lidral AC, Nishimura CJ. Genetic association studies of cleft lip and/or palate with hypodontia outside the cleft region. Cleft palate Craniofac J. 2003;40(3):274-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1597/1545-1569_2003_040_0274_gasocl_2.0.co_2
Watanabe Y, Morita S, Takahashi K, Yamaki M, Saito I. Investigation of congenitally missing permanent teeth associated with cleft types in Japanese cleft lip and/or palate patients [in Japanese with English abstract]. Orthod Waves. 2011;70:32-39. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.odw. 2011.12.005
Kadono A, Kajii T, Matsuno M, Endo Leonardo S, Tanaka S, Wada S, et al. Clinical and statistical analysis on cleft lip and/or palate patients in the Department of Orthodontics, Hokkaido University Hospital. J Jpn Cleft Palate Assoc. 2008;33:304-314. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2209/tdcpublication. 49.33
Suzuki A, Nakano M, Yoshizaki K, Yasunaga A, Haruyama N, Takahashi I. A longitudinal study of the presence of dental anomalies in the primary and permanent dentitions of cleft lip and/or palate patients. Cleft palate Craniofac J. 2017;54(3):309-20. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1597/15-186
Rullo R, Festa V, Rullo R, Addabbo F, Chiodini P, Vitale M, et al. Prevalence of dental anomalies in children with cleft lip and unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and palate. Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2015;16(3):229-32. PMID: 26418927
Qureshi WA, Beiraghi S, Leon-Salazar V. Dental anomalies associated with unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and palate. J Dent Child. 2012;79(2):69-73. Dental anomalies associated with unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and palate.
Additional Files
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 The authors retain the copyrights. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g. in institutional repositories or on their website), as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as greater citation of published work.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Readers may “Share-copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format” and “Adapt-remix, transform, and build upon the material”. The readers must give appropriate credit to the source of the material and indicate if changes were made to the material. Readers may not use the material for commercial purpose. The readers may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.