Acute Kidney Injury After on-pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery

Authors

  • Tahir Iqbal Northwest General Hospital & Research Center, Peshawar, Pakistan.
  • Mubeen Ali Northwest General Hospital & Research Center, Peshawar, KP Pakistan
  • Niaz Ali Northwest General Hospital & Research Center, Peshawar, Pakistan
  • Muhammad Hayat Northwest General Hospital & Research Center, Peshawar, Pakistan
  • Arooba Tariq Northwest General Hospital & Research Center, Peshawar, Pakistan
  • Raheela Latif Northwest General Hospital & Research Center, Peshawar, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.52206/jsmc.2025.15.1.930

Abstract

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a recognized adverse outcome and is associated with increased risk of morbidity, mortality, prolonged hospital stay, and resources.
Objectives: The study objective was to find out the frequency and severity of AKI after on-pump CABG.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted on patients undergoing on-pump CABG at the Department of Cardiac Surgery, NWGH & RC, Peshawar, from November 1, 2022, to March 10, 2023. The study examined the frequency and severity of AKI and evaluated postoperative outcomes, including morbidity and mortality.
Results: A total of 250 on-pump CABG patients were studied, comprising 68.8% males and 31.2% females, with a mean age of 58.34 years (± 7.03 SD). Among the patients, 58.4% had diabetes, 29.2% had hypertension, 59.3% and 28.4% had angina class II and III, respectively, 82.8% had triple vessel coronary artery disease, 35.2% had experienced a recent myocardial infarction, and 29.2% had impaired left ventricular function. AKI occurred in 15.2% (stage-I: 63%,stage-II: 31.6% and stage-III: 5.3%). Prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass & clamp times (p <0.001), re-exploration (p <0.001), increased blood transfusions (p=0.05), prolonged ventilation (p <0.001), stroke (p=0.003), deep sternal infection (p=0.03) and postoperative complications [including Myocardial Infarction, Low Cardiac Output Syndrome, prolonged inotropic support, Intra-aortic balloon Pump (p <0.001) and Atrial Fibrillation (p=0.005)] were significantly associated with AKI. Overall mortality was 4.4%.
Conclusion: AKI is a frequent complication after on-pump CABG, and is significantly associated with re-exploration, more blood transfusion, longer Cardiopulmonary Bypass times, and cardiovascular morbidities (MI, LCOS, IABP, AF).
Keywords: Acute Kidney Injury, Cardiopulmonary Bypass, Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting.

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Additional Files

Published

29-01-2025

How to Cite

1.
Iqbal T, Ali M, Ali N, Hayat M, Tariq A, Latif R. Acute Kidney Injury After on-pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery. J Saidu Med Coll [Internet]. 2025 Jan. 29 [cited 2025 May 13];15(1):38-43. Available from: http://jsmc.pk/index.php/jsmc/article/view/930

Issue

Vol. 15 No. 1 (2025): Journal of Saidu Medical College

Section

Original Article

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