Factors Leading to Late Presentation of ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction for Thrombolytic Therapy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52206/jsmc.2024.14.3.854Abstract
Background: ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) is a major cardiac emergency caused by total coronary artery obstruction, requiring immediate intervention to save myocardium and avoid sequelae. Streptokinase-assisted thrombolysis is still a practical and affordable option even as primary PCI develops. A number of reasons contribute to late presentation for thrombolysis, which highlights the need of removing obstacles to timely treatment in STEMI cases.
Objectives: The main purpose of this study was to identify factors that lead to late presentation of patients with STEMI.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted for seven months between 15 June 2021 and 15 January 2022 in the Cardiology Department of Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad. A total of 142 patients who presented at least after 12 hours of their initial symptom of chest pain were included in the study using Non-probability purposive sampling technique.
Results: According to study results, the following reasons may contribute to a patient's delayed presentation after a STEMI: lack of symptom awareness (30.3%), absence of an initial ECG (19.7%), patient reluctance (23.3%), remote residence (9.8%), and misreading of the ECG (16.9%). For prompt STEMI management and better results, removing these obstacles is essential.
Conclusion: This study highlights the main factors that could lead to late hospital presentation of patients with STEMI for thrombolytic therapy. For prompt action and better results, it is imperative to address problems such misinterpreting ECG readings, delayed ECG assessment, patient resistance, and geographic barriers.
Keywords: Electrocardiogram (ECG), Non-ST elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI), ST-segment elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI), Streptokinase
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