Diagnostic Efficiency of BNP Levels in Patients Presenting to ER with Acute Heart Failure
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52206/jsmc.2025.15.2.1064Abstract
Background: Heart failure is a critical global health concern associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Timely diagnosis is essential, and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) has emerged as a potential biomarker for diagnosis of acute heart failure (AHF).
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of BNP levels in patients presenting to the emergency room (ER) with clinical features suggestive of AHF.
Materials and Methods: Over the course of three months, a descriptive cross-sectional research was carried out, conducted in the emergency room of the cardiology department of MTI-LRH, Peshawar. There were 102 individuals in all who presented with signs and symptoms of acute cardiac failure. Serum BNP levels were measured alongside clinical evaluations. Chronic Kidney Disease and Cor-pulmonale were ruled out among these patients. Statistical analyses were performed to determine associations between variables.
Results: Elevated BNP levels (>350 pg/mL) were detected in 81.4% of patients, underscoring its diagnostic efficacy for AHF. The prevalence of CKD and cor-pulmonale was relatively low at 3.9% and 2.0% respectively. Although no statistically significant associations were identified, observed trends indicated potential complex relationships within the database.
Conclusion: BNP levels are an effective diagnostic tool for AHF, aiding early intervention and improving outcomes.Further research with larger, diverse cohorts is needed to validate and expand these findings.
Keywords: Acute heart failure, BNP, Chronic kidney disease, Cor-pulmonale, Diagnostic marker, Emergency room.
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