Evaluation of Transverse Strength of Heat-Cure Denture Bases Repaired with Different Joint Surface Contours: An In Vitro Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52206/jsmc.2026.16.1.1413Abstract
Background: Patients frequently prefer repair of their fractured dentures rather than fabrication of new prostheses, provided that esthetics, occlusion, and vertical dimension remain satisfactory. Heat-cured polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) denture bases, although widely used, are prone to fracture, and the success of repair is influenced by multiple factors, including joint surface design.
Objective: This in vitro study aimed to evaluate and compare the effect of two joint surface contours—45° bevel and round joint—on the transverse strength of repaired heat-cured acrylic denture base resin, in comparison with intact unrepaired specimens.
Methodology: Ninety heat-cured acrylic resin specimens (64 × 10 × 3 mm) were fabricated and divided into three groups (n = 30): Group A (control, unrepaired), Group B (45° bevel joint), and Group C (round joint). Specimens in Groups B and C were sectioned at the midpoint and repaired using auto-polymerizing acrylic resin. Transverse strength was assessed using a three-point bending test on a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 5 mm/min and a span length of 50 mm. Transverse strength values were calculated in megapascals (MPa). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA followed by post hoc tests.
Results: The highest mean transverse strength was observed in Group A (88.67 ± 8.75 MPa), followed by Group B (47.80 ± 9.62 MPa) and Group C (40.56 ± 10.44 MPa). One-way ANOVA demonstrated a statistically significant difference among groups (p < 0.001). Post hoc analysis revealed that both repaired groups exhibited significantly lower transverse strength compared with the control, and the 45° bevel joint demonstrated significantly higher strength than the round joint.
Conclusion: Within the limitations of this in vitro study, joint surface contour significantly influenced the transverse strength of repaired heat-cured acrylic denture base resin. The 45° bevel joint exhibited superior transverse strength compared with the round joint; however, neither repair technique restored strength comparable to intact specimens.
Keywords: Auto-Polymerizing Repair Material, Denture Repair, Heat-Cure Denture Base, Joint Surface Design, Transverse Strength.
References
Mamatha N, Madineni PK, Sisir R, Sravani S, Nallamilli S, Jyothy JR. Evaluation of Transverse Strength of Heat Cure Denture Bases Repaired with Different Joint Surface Contours: An In Vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2020;21(2):166-170. https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2758
Shanoj RP, Razak PA, Kumar KN, Francis J, Ashok K, Sameer KK. Comparative Evaluation of the Strength of Denture Base Resin repaired with Glass Fiber-reinforced Acrylic Resin: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2018;19(7):792-798. https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2338
Kostoulas I, Kavoura VT, Frangou MJ, Polyzois GL. Fracture force, deflection, and toughness of acrylic denture repairs involving glass fiber reinforcement. J Prosthodont. 2008;17(4):257-61. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-849X.2007.00276.x
Mahajan H, Chandu GS, Mishra SK. An in vitro study of the effect of design of repair surface on the transverse strength of repaired acrylic resin using autopolymerizing resin. Niger J Clin Pract. 2014;17(1):38–42. https://doi.org/10.4103/1119-3077.122826
Anasane N, Ahirrao Y, Chitnis D, Meshram S. The effect of joint surface contours and glass fiber reinforcement on the transverse strength of repaired acrylic resin: An in vitro study. Dent Res J (Isfahan). 2013;10(2):214-219. https://doi.org/10.4103/1735-3327.113347
Nour El Houda K, Kharbech. The use of silica nanoparticles and microwave irradiation with polymethyl methacrylate denture base resin: experimental investigation into the flexural strength and linear dimensional stability after repair and accelerated aging. Oral Health Care. 2017;2(3). https://doi.org/10.15761/OHC.1000122
Vasthare A, Abubakkar F, Shetty S, Shenoy KK, Shetty MS, Katheesa AP, et al. Effect of different edge profile, surface treatment, and glass fiber reinforcement on the transverse strength of denture base resin repaired with autopolymerizing acrylic resin: an in vitro study. J Interdiscip Dent. 2017;7(1):31–37. https://doi.org/10.4103/jid.jid_28_16
Seó RS, Neppelenbroek KH, Filho JN. Factors affecting the strength of denture repairs. J Prosthodont. 2007;16(4):302-310. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-849X.2007.00191.x
Ward JE, Moon PC, Levine RA, Behrendt CL. Effect of repair surface design, repair material, and processing method on the transverse strength of repaired acrylic denture resin. J Prosthet Dent. 1992;67(6):815–820. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3913(92)90587-Y
Choudhary S. Complete denture fracture – a proposed classification system and its incidence in National Capital Region population: a survey. J Indian Prosthodont Soc. 2019;19(4):307–312. https://doi.org/10.4103/jips.jips_157_19
Kumari R, Bala S. Assessment of cases of complete denture fracture. J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2021;13(Suppl 2):S1558–S1560. https://doi.org/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_496_20
Yadav NS, Khare S, Mishra SK, Vyas R, Mahajan H, Chitumalla R. In vitro evaluation of transverse strength of repaired heat cured denture base resins without surface treatment and with chemical and mechanical surface treatment. J Int Oral Health. 2015;7(8):89–92.
Minami H, Suzuki S, Minesaki Y, Kurashige H, Tanaka T. In vitro evaluation of the influence of repairing condition of denture base resin on the bonding of autopolymerizing resins. J Prosthet Dent. 2004;91(2):164–170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2003.10.022
Golbidi F, Pozveh MA. Flexural strength of polymethyl methacrylate repaired with fiberglass. J Dent (Tehran). 2017;14(4):231–236.
Gibreel M, Lassila LVJ, Närhi TO, Perea-Lowery L, Vallittu PK. Midline denture base strains of glass fiber-reinforced single implant-supported overdentures. J Prosthet Dent. 2021;126(3):407–412. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2020.07.020
Naji GA. Influence of various chemical surface treatments, repair materials, and techniques on transverse strength of thermoplastic nylon denture base. Int J Dent. 2020;2020:1–10. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8893285
Neshandar Asli H, Rahimabadi S, Babaee Hemmati Y, Falahchai M. Effect of different surface treatments on surface roughness and flexural strength of repaired 3D-printed denture base: an in vitro study. J Prosthet Dent. 2021;126(4):595.e1–595.e8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2020.10.029
Rached RN, Powers JM, Del Bel Cury AA. Efficacy of conventional and experimental techniques for denture repair. J Oral Rehabil. 2004;31(11):1130–1138. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2842.2004.01350.x
Faot F, da Silva WJ, da Rosa RS, Del Bel Cury AA, Garcia RCMR. Strength of denture base resins repaired with auto- and visible light-polymerized materials. J Prosthodont. 2009;18(6):496–502. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-849X.2009.00472.x
Solnit GS. The effect of methyl methacrylate reinforcement with silane-treated and untreated glass fibers. J Prosthet Dent. 1991;66(3):310–314. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3913(91)90392-E
Emam ANM. Influence of nanodiamond incorporation on the impact strength of repaired denture base acrylic resin: an in vitro study. Ro J Stomatol. 2024;70(1):1–7. https://doi.org/10.37897/RJS.2024.1.1
Al-Shammari FA, Abood AZ, Yaseen IN. Tensile strength of repaired acrylic resin influenced by water aging. Muthanna Med J. 2015;2(1):27–33.
Foo SH, Lindquist TJ, Aquilino SA, Schneider RL, Williamson DL, Boyer DB. Effect of polyaramid fiber reinforcement on the strength of three denture base polymethyl methacrylate resins. J Prosthodont. 2001 Sep;10(3):148–153. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-849X.2001.00148.x
Hanna EA, Shah F, Gebreel A. Effect of joint surface contours on the transverse and impact strength of denture base resin repaired by various methods: an in vitro study. J Am Sci. 2010;6(9):115–125.
Additional Files
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 The authors retain the copyrights. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g. in institutional repositories or on their website), as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as greater citation of published work.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Readers may “Share-copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format” and “Adapt-remix, transform, and build upon the material”. The readers must give appropriate credit to the source of the material and indicate if changes were made to the material. Readers may not use the material for commercial purpose. The readers may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
