INTERRELATIONS BETWEEN LEPTIN & OBESITY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52206/jsmc.2013.3.1.252-257Abstract
Objective: Excess body weight is the sixth most important risk factor contributing to the overall burden of
disease worldwide. The circulating leptins have been found to play a vital role in the regulation of appetite,
glucose homeostasis and body fat. Therefore, this study was designed to measure serum leptin and insulin
resistance in non obese and obese young adults and to correlate them with obesity parameters: body mass
index, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio and metabolic indices.
Methods: A total of 43 non- obese subjects, 20 male and 23 female aged 20- 25 years and 46 obese subjects,
25 male and 21 female with age 28- 37 years were studied. All subjects selected for study were normotensive
and non-diabetic. Variables measured were Body Mass Index (BMI), waist to hip ratio(WHR), blood
pressure, serum leptin, insulin, fasting blood glucose, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and lipid profile.
Results: Serum leptin was significantly higher in females than males 8.8 ± 2.10 SEM and 2.2 ± 0.26 ng/ml
SEM respectively in non-obese.As well, Serum leptin was significantly higher in females than males 23.0 ±
3.98 SEM and 12.5 ± 2.24 ng/ml SEM respectively in obese group. Serum leptin was significantly higher in
obese males, and obese females compared to non- obese subjects. Serum leptin significantly, and positively
correlated with BMI (r = 0.440), hip circumference (r =0.425), insulin (r = 0.334), and homeostasis Model of
Assessment - Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR)r= 0.334 whereas HOMA-IR positively correlated with BMI,
waist Circumference, fasting insulin, fasting blood glucose, triglycerides (TG), TG/HDL-Cholesterol ratio
and negatively correlated with HDL-Cholesterol.
Conclusions: Serum leptin levels increase with obesity, and are higher in females in both non-obese and
obese individuals. Serum leptin significantly correlated with hip circumference. Increased serum leptin,
especially in obese subjects, should be taken as a warning sign of energy imbalance, poor diet,
hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, or changes in other metabolic risk factors that are strongly
associated with cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes.
Key words: Anthropometry, body mass index, insulin resistance, leptin, obesity,
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