HOSPITAL OUTCOMES OF ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION IN PATIENTS WITH AND WITHOUT DIABETES MELLITUS

Abstract

Objective: To compare hospital outcomes of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in patients with and
without diabetes mellitus.
Methodology: This observational cohort study was carried out in the department of Cardiology,
Postgraduate Medical Institute Govt. Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar. A total of 444 patients with AMI
were studied from December 2009 to December 2011. Among these half of patients were diabetic while
rests were non-diabetic. After enrolment in the study, patients were monitored for in- hospital complications
ofAMI.
Results: Most of the baseline characteristics were similar between the two groups of patients. However
patients in diabetic group had more hypertension, dyslipidemia, high glucose level, less smoking, high heart
rate and raised blood pressure on presentation as compared to patients in non-diabetic group. Complication
rates were significantly higher in the diabetic group as compared to non-diabetic group. Complication rates
between diabetic and non-diabetic groups were atrial fibrillation (AF) 14.4% V 8.1%; P=0.036 respectively
while ventricular tachycardia (VT) 10.8% V 13.1% ;P=0.464, ventricular fibrillation (VF) 3.2% V 4.1 %;
P=0.611, advanced AV blocks 12.2%V 6.3% ;P=0.033, acute heart failure (AHF) 24.8% V 17.1% ;P=0.047,
cardiogenic shock(CS) 18% V 7.2%;P=0.001, recurrent MI (Re-MI) 14.4% V 7.7%; P=0.000, acute renal
failure 9%V5%; P=0.001 and death rate 13.5 % V 8.1 %; P=0.000 respectively.
Conclusion: Diabetes mellitus is associated with an increase risk of in-hospital complications afterAMI.
Key words: Diabetes mellitus, hospital Outcomes,Acute Myocardial Infarction