Pattern and Site Distribution of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52206/jsmc.2025.15.1.897Abstract
Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma is a prevalent malignancy with diverse site distributions influenced by demographic factors. Understanding these distributions aids in effective management and prognosis.
Objective: To determine the frequency and demographic associations of Oral squamous cell carcinoma site distributions among patients at a tertiary care center.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study included 110 patients diagnosed with Oral squamous cell carcinoma, selected through non-probability consecutive sampling. Clinical evaluations, radiographic studies, and incisional biopsies were conducted. Data on age, gender, tumor site, type, and grade were collected and analyzed. OSCC grading followed tumor nodes and meta-stasis staging criteria, with stratification by site distribution across gender, age, and grade using Fisher's exact test.
Results: The mean age of patients was 53.74±12.79 years, with males comprising 70% (n=77) and females 30% (n=33). The most prevalent OSCC site was the Alveolar Ridge (54.55%), followed by the Buccal Mucosa (15.45%) and Hard Palate (2.73%). The predominant clinical manifestation was non-healing ulcers (70.00%). Histologically, well-differentiated OSCC was most common (55.45%). Significant associations were found between site distribution and gender, age group, presentation, and grade (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Alveolar ridge predominance highlights its vulnerability to Oral squamous cell carcinoma. Site distribution varies significantly by demographic factors, emphasizing the need for tailored diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
Keywords: Histopathological grading, Oral squamous cell carcinoma, Site distribution, Type of oral squamous cell carcinoma.
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